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Sanjeev Kumar ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, Anil Bhat ¹, Naveed Hamid ¹, Ashish Kumar Isher ¹, Akshay Deep ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Agricultural Economics and Agri-Business Management, SKUAST- J, Main Campus, Chatha (J&K), IN

Abstract

The Himalayan region extends all along the Northern boundary of India. The diverse ecohabitat of Himalayan region hosts a wide range of plant diversity as well as crop diversity on which native people rely for their food and nutritional security. Traditionally, agriculture on hills was practiced on a subsistence basis but, with the development of means of transport, storage facilities and other infrastructure, hill agriculture has become commercial in character. The present study has been carried out in Bhaderwah and Bhalla blocks of Doda district of J&K state which fall in the North-Western Himalayan region of J&K state. A sample of 100 farmers was drawn for the present study which comprised of 78 marginal farmers, 14 small farmers and 8 medium farmers. Primary data were used to analyze the results.The results revealed that both marketable surplus as well as marketed surplus was higher in case of medium farmers followed by small farmers and marginal farmers. It was found that three types of marketing channels mainly channel-I (Producer - Village Trader - Retailer – Consumer), channel-II (Producer – Retailer – Consumer) and channel-III (Producer – Consumer) were involved in the marketing of Rajmash in the study area. The total marketing cost and marketing margin was found higher in channel-I followed by channel-II and channel-III. The results also indicated that the marketing efficiency of channel-III (1.85) was highest as compared to channel-II (1.44) and channel-I (1.28) and the producer’s share in consumer’s rupee was also maximum in channel-III (97.51 %) followed by channel-II (82.49 %) and channel-I (76.25 %) in the study area.

Keywords

Rajmash, Marketable Surplus, Marketed Surplus, Marketing Efficiency.

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Sumaira Farooq ¹, Jyoti Kachroo ¹, Naveed Hamid ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Agricultural Economics and Agri-Business Management, SKUAST-J, Jammu (J&K), IN

Abstract

India is world’s largest milk producer, accounting for more than 16 per cent of worlds total milk production and is the world’s largest consumer of dairy products. The annual milk production of Jammu and Kashmir was estimated 16.51 lakh tonnes and annual compound growth rate was 2.23 percent in 2014-15. The per capita availability of milk is 302 g/day and its annual compound growth rate was -4.43 per cent in 2013-14. In every market there exists organised and un organised sectors for the marketing of the milk and dairy products. In the organised and un organised sector, there are two main agencies- the milk vendors and the halwais, who collect milk from cattle breeders and supply it to the consumers at their doorstep. The organised sector dairies like JKMPCL, They collect milk from their collection depots or points and transport it to the milk plants for processing and manufacturing. The present study was carried out on the basis secondary data and assisted by primary input from the JKMPC. The results revealed that the growth rate of production of milk during the year 2013-14 to 2014-15 showed increased trend from 0.98 per cent to 2.23 per cent. The per capita availability of milk during the year 2009-10 was 379 g/day but in 2012-13 the annual growth rate of per capita availability was 10.23 per cent showed negative trend in growth rate. The compound growth rate was found negligible in every month like, as in the month of September, 2014, the total sales were 178084 and calculated CGR was 0.03 per cent negative and comprised value of Rs.48.23 lakhs but in the month of October 2014, the result showed increase in the sales to 252258 with CGR 0.03 per cent and had value of Rs. 77.91 lakhs which revealed huge growth of sales of pouch milk in Kashmir division. For total value the compound growth rate was found to be highest 0.17 per cent in the month of December, 2014 where as lowest -0.13 per cent in March 2015.

Keywords

JKMPCL, Marketing, Processing, Compound Growth Rate.

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Mudasir Iqbal ¹, Parshant Bakshi ¹, Vinod Kumar Wali ¹, Naveed Hamid ²

Affiliations
1 Division of Fruit Science, Main Campus, Chatha, Jammu (J&K), IN
2 Division of Agricultural Economics and Agri-Business Management, SKUAST - J, Chatha (J&K), IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted during 2013-14 to study the economics of different mulching materials viz., black polythene, white polythene, paddy straw, saw dust, sarkanda, dry grass and control (unmulched) on aonla under rainfed conditions of Jammu. The present investigation was carried out at Rainfed Research Sub-Station for Sub-tropical fruits Raya, of Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu during 2013-14. The mean annual rainfall is about 1000-1200 mm. Soil of the experimental field was sandy clay in texture, having pH: 6.50, organic carbon: 0.50 per cent, available N: 174.50 kg/ha, available P: 15.80 kg/ha and available K: 140.00 kg/ha. Twenty eight trees were selected for the study and laid out inRandomized Block Experimental Design with one tree per treatment replicated four times. Application of treatments was done during the spring season viz., 19^th February, 2013.The study revealed that the total cost of cultivation was found to be higher (Rs. 2566.60) in black polythene mulch and white polythene mulches whereas it was minimum (Rs.2478.30) in control. Net returns were also recorded maximum (Rs. 2672.84/treatment) under black polythene mulch and minimum in control (Rs. 1559.30/treatment). However, benefit cost (B: C ratio) was also found to be maximum in black polythene mulch (1:2.04) and minimum in both white polythene mulch and control (1:1.69).

Keywords

Aonla, Economics, Mulching, B:C Ratio, Net Returns.

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Farheen Naqash ¹, Naveed Hamid ², Dinesh K. Kapila ³

Affiliations
1 Division of Agricultural Economics and Marketing, SKUAST-K Kashmir (J&K), IN
2 Division of Agricultural Economics and Agri-Business Management, SKUAST-J, Chatha (J&K), IN
3 National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, Jammu (J&K), IN

Abstract

The study was carried out in the Baramulla district of the Kashmir valley. Apple being main fruit in the district has predominant position in area, production and productivity. Both primary and secondary data was analyzed to interpret the results for this study. Primary data was collected from the 70 sample respondents from a cluster of 6 villages delineated from the Pattan zone along with market functionaries and other important players of value chain. The secondary data was collected from the relevant secondary sources. The studies revealed that majority of the farmers were marginal farmers with upto 2 hectares of land under apple orchards. Cost of apple cultivation works out to be Rs. 206730 per hectare with net returns to the tune of Rs. 496395 per hectare. The study of marketing of apple identified five marketing channels and the channel 1 viz., Producer-Whole seller/Commission agent-Retailer-Consumer, was the major route for apple trade as more than 30 per cent of the farmers produce was marketed through this channel. Marketing efficiency was found maximum (0.68%) in this channel for the obvious reason as it involves less number of intermediaries. The establishment of Terminal market of Sopore proved a major facilitator in the marketing of apple in the study area. The study of marketing of apple identified five marketing channels and the channel 1 viz., Producer-Wholeseller/Commission agent-Retailer-Consumer, was the major route for apple trade as more than 30 per cent of the farmers produce was marketed through this channel. Marketing efficiency was found maximum (0.68%) in this channel for the obvious reason as it involves less number of intermediaries. The establishment of Terminal market of Sopore proved a major facilitator in the marketing of apple in the study area.

Keywords

Apple, Production, Marketing, Terminal Market, Consumer, Marketing Efficiency.

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